The judicial authority of the Republic of Uzbekistan works independently from legislative and executive authorities, political parties, and other public associations. The activity of courts in the Republic of Uzbekistan is governed by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Courts " (new edition dated December 14, 2000).

The following types of courts work in the Republic of Uzbekistan:

* Constitutional Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
* Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
* Higher Economic Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
* Supreme Civil and Criminal Courts of the Republic of Karakalpakstan,
* Civil and Criminal Regional (Viloyat) and Tashkent City Courts,
* Civil Inter-district, District (city) Courts,
* Criminal District (city) Courts,
* Economic Court of the Republic of Karakalpakstan,
* Economic Courts of Regions (Viloyat) and Tashkent City,
* Martial Courts.

Courts can be specialized by categories based on nature of cases. The establishment of Extraordinary and Emergency Courts is not permitted.

The legal proceedings in the Republic of Uzbekistan is performed in Uzbek and Karakalpak languages or in language of the majority of the population of the given district. Persons participating in proceeding without knowledge of the language in which the legal proceedings is conducted, are given the right of complete acquaintance with materials of proceeding and participation in trial actions through the interpreter and the right to act in court on native language.

Courts of a general jurisdiction are:

* Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
* Supreme Court of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, Regional (Viloyat) Court, Tashkent City Court;
* Civil Inter-district, District (city) Court. Criminal District (city) Court;
* Martial Courts.